Q. What the difference is between a base and a nucleophile?
We have seen that a molecule or an ion having a lone pair of electrons can act as an electron pair donor in a reaction with either a proton or…
Q. Is oxoacids of fluorine exist?
The hypothetical oxoacid of fluorine, HFO₂(HOFO), would have a positive formal charge on the central F atom. This is not something that we would expect of fluorine, the most electronegative…
Q. Why Na⁺(aq) does not act as an acid in aqueous solution?
A: Whether an aqueous solution of a metal ion is acidic depends on two principal factors: (i) The first is the amount of charge on the cation; and (ii) The…
Q. Discuss the strength of the nucleophiles in SN reactions.
Rate of SN¹ reaction = K [substrate]¹ Rate of SN² reaction = K [substrate]¹[nucleophile]¹ The rate of an SN¹ reaction is unaffected by either the concentration or the nature of…
Cytokinesis: The Final Step of Cell Division
Introduction Cytokinesis is the process by which the cytoplasm of a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. It marks the final stage of cell division, following mitosis (in somatic…
Q. Do set of d orbitals split equally w.r.t the average energy of d orbitals in Crystal Field?
No. The reason is that the total energy must be constant. If we consider a d'° ion such as Zn²⁺ in an octahedral field, the destabilisation caused by the four…
Meiosis: A Specialized Cell Division Process
Introduction Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four haploid daughter cells from a single diploid parent cell. It occurs in sexually…
Light Reaction: The First Phase of Photosynthesis
Introduction The light reaction, also known as the light-dependent reaction, is the first stage of photosynthesis. It occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and converts light energy into chemical…
Can we measure the drift speed with the help of a microscope, if no then how do we measure it?
No. Actual random motion of electron is very quick, it can not be detected by microscope. Drift speed, is the theoretical concept, is measured with the help of "Hall effect"